A Study Aims Toidentify The Effectiveness Protein...

ABSTRACT Effectivenessof DiabetesSelfManagement EducationAgainstType 2DM patientsIndependencein ManagingDietDiseaseInGeneral Hospital Jombang by: Hariyono ¹, Tjipto Suwandi ², AhYusuf ³  ¹Institute Of Health Science Insan Cendekia Medika Jombang  ²Faculty Of Public Health Airlangga University  ³Faculty Of Nursing Airlangga University Diabetesmellitushas been the causeof4.6milliondeaths. In addition,health expenditurefordiabetes mellitushas reached465billionUSD. Complicationsexperienced bypatients withtype 2 diabetes mellitusthatcauses the suffererto experiencedependencein regulatingdietary patterns. Ketidakmandirianpatientsin managingthe dietdue toa lack of knowledgeandlack ofmotivationin self-care. This study aims toidentify theeffectiveness ofDiabetesSelf-Management Education toindependenceyipe2diabetic patientsin managingthe diet. This research is anexperimentalPre. ResearchDesignOnegrouppre-post-test design. The sampling technique usedwassimple random samplingwith30 samples. Statistical analysisusing theWilcoxonSigned RankTestwith asignificance value ofÃŽ ±=0.05. Pre-testresultsshowedthat almostall respondents(80%) or 24samplesinthe category ofpartialcare. While thepost-testresultsshowedthatthe majority (56.7%) or17respondentsin thecategory ofminimalcare. Statistical analysisshowedWilcoxonp=0.000 The conclusionof this researchthat theeffectsof DiabetesSelfManagement Education onpatientautonomyin managingtype 2 diabetesdiet. Keywords: DiabetesSelfManagement

A Story Of An Hour - 1289 Words

Most stories have more than one conflict, some bigger than others, but all important as a story progressives to the very moment everything clicks and comes together. After that point, the story starts to wind down, lose ends are tied, and the reader gets the satisfying feeling of a happy ending. The Story of an Hour is not your typical short story; but is similar to others in the way that conflicts are the leading force behind a short story. This story starts with Mrs. Mallard finding out any wife’s worst news and realizing it is the best news she has ever heard. Within the short hour of the announcement, the news that was going to save her, ended up killing her. The internal conflicts Mrs. Mallard faces in Chopin’s The Story of an Hour are subtle, but lead to a resolution that makes the reader question if they believe the author or not. One of the first internal conflict Mrs. Mallard faces is she is not sure how she to act when she finds out the news of her husband’s death. During the time period of which the shirt story takes place, women supposedly owed everything to their husbands, so for Mrs. Mallard to now be a widow, the news should have been heart breaking and life shattering. Louise does not act the way women of the time are â€Å"supposed† to act. She is still is shocked by the news, â€Å"she wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sister’s arms† but then rushes upstairs to lock herself in her room (Chopin 54). I think Chopin started off the story with theShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of An Hour And The Story Of An Hour2009 Words   |  9 PagesWomen are taught from a young age that marriage is the end all be all in happiness, in the short story â€Å"The Story of An Hour† by Kate Chopin and the drama â€Å"Poof!† by Lynn Nottage, we learn that it is not a lways the case. Mrs. Mallard from â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and Loureen from â€Å"Poof!† are different characteristically, story-wise, and time-wise, but share a similar plight. Two women tied down to men whom they no longer love and a life they no longer feel is theirs. Unlike widows in happy marriagesRead MoreStory of an Hour848 Words   |  4 PagesStory of an Hour Kate Chopin s the Story of an Hour includes a vast amount of literary devices. Irony, foreshadowing, personification, imagery, symbolism, metaphor and repetition are some of the major literary techniques used by Chopin within this short story about a woman named Mrs. Mallard. Although the story covers only one hour in the life of the main character, the use of these various literary techniques present the theme of the story to the reader in a very entertaining manner. TheRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour854 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"The Story of an Hour† we are taken through a journey. The journey is the thoughts and emotions going through Mrs. Mallards (Louise) mind. The journey only takes an hour, so everything moves at a fast pace. Louise seemed to process the news of her husband’s death without an initial element of disbelief and shock. She goes right into the reaction of grieving for her husband. She quickly begins to feel other emotions. At first she does not understand them. The journey is a way that Louise comesRead MoreStory of an Hour1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe Story of an Hour 1. There are many themes in The Story of An Hour; ‘heart trouble’ – which describes not only the physical affliction of Mrs Mallard but also the emotional suffering in her marriage. Three other themes that are prominent within this story are; death, freedom and oppression. Though, the themes of freedom and oppression can be seen as the main themes within this story, as we see the character of Mrs Mallard – a Mallard is a type of wild duck, which can be seen as being symbolicRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour1414 Words   |  6 Pagesarticle would be bad satire, a bad argument. Chongyue and Lihua’s â€Å"A Caricature of an Ungrateful and Unfaithful Wife† distorts Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† through imaginative exaggeration of character interaction, emotional ignorance, and its simplification of the characters and the text. Firstly, there is no evidence in the text of â€Å"The Story of an Hour† to suggest that Louise Mallard has been at all unfaithful to her husband. One sentence within the article suggests that some readers have sensedRead MoreStory of an Hour619 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"The story of an hour† is a short story written by Kate Chopin. According to Wikipedia, she was born Katherine O’Flaherty on February 8, 1850, in St. Louis, Missouri. She was an American author of short stories and novels. She is now considered by some to have been a forerunner of feminist authors of the 20th century. â€Å"The story of an hour† was written on April 19, 1894 but was originally published in Vogue on December 6, 1894 as â€Å"The Dream of an Hour†. It was first reprintedRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour1169 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is a story that in a few pages creates commentary, emotions, and thoughts about a simpl e yet very important part of every civilization. It is quite amazing that a short story written over a hundred years ago is still relevant to our society today. Every successful civilization has had some form of marriage, and while this story is to many criticizing the institution of marriage, I believe that people could see this dichotomy of oppressor vs oppressed that this story triesRead MoreThe Story of an Hour1203 Words   |  5 PagesAyodeji Ilesanmi Ms. Pape English 1302.626 February 23, 2012 Part One: Alternate ending to â€Å"The Story of an Hour† â€Å"Someone was opening the front door with a latchkey, it was Brently Mallard who entered, a little travel stained, composedly carrying his grip-sack and umbrella. He had been far from the scene of the accident, and did not even know there had been one. He stood amazed at Josephine s piercing cry; at Richards quick motion to screen him from the view of his wife† (Chopin, 16). Read MoreThe Story of an Hour960 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Story of an Hour, Kate Chopin suggests that in certain scenarios, the death of a loved one may be a blessing in disguise. Possible situations may include an abusive relationship, or an unhappy marriage, as the story suggests. Although the circumstances throughout the story might lead the reader to believe that Louises husbands death would cause her great pain, ironically, when she hears the news, she feels a sense of euphoria. This suggests that death may not always cause agony. LouisesRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour1283 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† For this story, I will use Mrs. Mallard as the example, and will discuss her challenges and struggles. According to the text, she was â€Å"afflicted with a heart trouble, so based on that alone we know that she struggled with delicate health issues. The narrator further described her as, â€Å"young, with a fair, calm face, whose lines bespoke repression and even a certain strength.† The ‘lines’ or wrinkles of repression that he speaks of is most likely caused by the stress of suppressing

Brave New World of Digital Intimacy free essay sample

News feed, status updates, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, when one hears theses word one usually thinks about social media. What is social media though? Social media is forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (as videos). Through the use of social media one can create an identity. However is one identity confused among the way? In Thompson, Clive article â€Å"Brave New World of Digital Intimacy† Thompson describes the relationship between one social media identity and one actual social identity. Thus because of the use of social media one’s identity can be confuse. In this present day, with my generation, Thompson explains, â€Å"[that social media] participation isn’t optional†¦ [that] if you don’t dive in†¦other people will define who you are† (Thompson 8). It is sad but true, I have seen it happen before. We will write a custom essay sample on Brave New World of Digital Intimacy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Once two girls (from my high school) where fighting in and out of social media. Thus girl A’ deletes her face book account. Girl B’ seeing this, thought it would be a great idea to create a new Facebook for girl A’. After adding all of girl A’s friends back girl B’ made girl A’ profile out to be something that girl A’ was not (to put it nicely). Soon afterwards everyone at school had a new â€Å"Identity† of girl A’ because of what girl B’ did. Long story short they are still fighting and the Facebook profile got deleted. The point being is everyone believe the new Facebook profile was girl A’ and because of what girl B’ did, girl A’ was being treated differently. Girl A’ was not like her â€Å"new† Facebook profile made her out to be. Thus the identity of girl A’ was confused. Though people can confuse your identity, one can also confuse their own identity. In some cases, one can create a fake identity. However Tufekci argue in Thompson article, â€Å"‘[that one cannot] play with [one] identity if your audience is always checking up on [him/her]’† (Thompson 9). Tufekci is right to a point, but what if they haven’t always been an audience of one? I was in middle school and just moved to New London, New Hampshire. No one knew who I was. As I started to make aquatints they started to ask me if they could add me on Myspace. Not knowing what Myspace was, quickly research, and created one so that I could start to make friends. Since I was new I wanted to be liked and to be popular. I mean, what new kid wouldn’t. In New Hampshire everyone skate and snowboard. Even though I had never touched a skate board or snowboard, I created my Myspace to look like I had and that I was quite good at it too. It work, everyone that added me on Myspace believed that I could skate and snowboard (till I had to actually prove it). The point being is that I confuse my own identity and everyone else identity of me. It is not always like that however. Now I am not saying that because we use social media that our identity instantly confuse, quite the opposite. Plenty of people are who their social media identity is. However just be careful of oneself own perception of someone on social media. Many people own perception of me was wrong. After someone looked at my Facebook profile back in high school they would get the perception that I was a stoner, surfing, gym addict, and a freak. For the most part they were right except for the fact that I was a stoner. I have never touched weed in my life. Yet because of my Facebook profile picture was of me with stoner/surfer long hair, rostra color shirt, and that I like Bob Marley people instantly thought I was a stoner. Even now I can’t escape someone perception of me being a stoner. I go to work for the United States Marine Corps and when I have to show my driver license for some reason, usually to a Sergeant, they will start laughing and say â€Å"you were a stoner before the Corps, weren’t you†. My friends, who actually know who I am, would know that I would never smoke weed. Now because of their own perception of me on social media (and my driver’s license) my identity is confused. All in all why does it matter? Identity should not be affected by this â€Å"Brave New World of Digital Intimacy†. The fact however, it is changing the way we are being identify. One cannot apply for a job in these times without the employer looking at one social media. Therefore because of our identities are being switch from social interactions to social media oneneeds to be careful one’s identity is not confuse. If one does not dive in other people will define who one is. Also just because one create a false identity of oneself does not mean people will not find out who one really is. In addition one perception of someone on social media can also confuse their actual identity. Thus because of the use of social media one’s identity can be confuse.

Entrepreneurship & Family Business Innovation in the UAE

Question: Discuss about theEntrepreneurship Family Business Innovation in the UAE. Answer: Introduction The major driver of any economy is the entrepreneurship, as it not only creates the job opportunities for others, but also contributes to the wealth of the economy. The fact that family business helps in ensuring that the entrepreneurial activities flourish for the coming generations, is not well known (Zgheib, 2017). In the following parts, a discussion has been carried on between how these two overlap each other. A specific emphasis has been given on the challenges and opportunities which are faced in UAE by the family business entrepreneurship. This has been done to establish that the family businesses innovations drive the economy of UAE. Discussion The definition of family business is very contextual, though, it can be said that a family business is one in which the majority voting remains in the hands of the family controlling the business, which is comprised of the founding fathers of the business and their heirs (May, 2015). The literature on family business covers the various issues regarding the transmission and succession of the business, where the focus has been over the issues like wealth management and governance for sustainability (Ezziane, Mazzawi Leleux, 2013). Over 80% of business in the Middle East is owned or controlled by such families who started as entrepreneurs, and later on diversified the interests of their business (Thomas, 2016). The majority of such businesses were incepted in the beginning of 1960s. However, their continuity is a matter of concern due to the generational changes that they have to face on rotational basis, and this is set to come as a problem in the next 5 to 10 years. The family businesses are not only strong but also unique in nature; moreover, they are crippled with the complexities. In addition to this, the same challenges are faced by such business, which a normal business faces. Furthermore, with the growth and expansion of business, as well as, the family, a range of specific problems are to be dealt with. The challenges of operating in intricate global economic environment are to be managed, which are coupled with the foreseeable changes in the generation (PwC, 2017). The conflict between the families al so poses a challenge for such businesses (PwC, 2016). As per the reports by Kets de Vries, 33% of the family businesses are able to carry on beyond the 1st generation, and a mere 10% survive past 3rd generation. In a similar manner, Astrachan and Shanker had showcased that 33% of the founders of the family business are able to make it to the 2nd generation, and this percentage drops to 12% for 3rd generation and by the 4th generation, this percentage shrinks further and comes up to a bleak 3%. In a family business, longevity fascinates the researchers. The intention to continue with the vision of forefathers and the intent to pass it on to the coming generations works in the favor of family businesses. So, even though the founders may not continue beyond 3-4 generations, but their vision is continued by the following generations. In other words, the long-lived family businesses continue to maintain their entrepreneurial orientations (Ezziane, Mazzawi Leleux, 2013). The key challenges faced by the family businesses come from within such businesses. And so, in order to grow, the internal challenges have to be dealt with, to ensure expansion and growth of the business. To do so, the family businesses have to make certain that they have fresh strategic insights; are able to attract, as well as, retain the key non-family managers; create and conserve their capital; create an organization which is both flexible and innovative; exploit the strategic advantages which are unique to their family ownership; and lastly, prepare a suitable successor for leadership (Khansaheb, 2008). There are various successful examples to show that the family businesses innovations are one of the key drivers of the UAEs economy. Most of the big companies in the Middle East are controlled by families. Moreover, some of the largest Western brands are managed by the local family businesses as franchise operations. But, the Seddiqi family has built on its own brand and legacy and has been immensely successful. Ahmed Seddiqi Sons represents over 60 luxury timepiece brands across 65 locations in UAE and is a trusted destination for jewellery and luxury watches in not only UAE, but also in the entire Middle East (PwC, 2016). The company, which was formulated in 1940s later half, continues to be owned and run by family (Bayt, 2017). Even after four generations, the company continues new ventures in real estate, education and healthcare services, through its holding company. Tapping on treating the customers as a long term friend, the company has maintained its significance since 1950s. Moreover, the family oriented working environment has further contributed in the companys success. Osama Ibrahim Seddiqi sits on Seddiqi Holdings Executive Committee and Board of Directors. And even though it is a family run business, they have recognized the value of bringing in skilled professionals from outside, which has helped them in overcoming the challenges faced by the traditionally run family businesses (PwC, 2016). The example of the family businesses innovations by the Seddiqi family has contributed widely to the economy of UAE. It has not only created more job opportunities in UAE, by expanding their business in different field, but through entrepreneurial ventures also, they have contributed in the economic growth of the nation. The example of Seddiqi family and their comparison with the traditionally run family businesses, depict how they have continued their business successfully and the manner in which they have dealt with the key challenges being faced by such businesses. Examples like these are the reason why the UAE is amongst the top economies of the world, at present. Conclusion In the preceding parts, the various opportunities and challenges which are faced by the family business entrepreneurships, with a specific emphasis on UAE had been highlighted. Through this discussion, it can be summarized that even though such businesses have a number of challenges, but by adopting the suggestions covered earlier, they have been able to successes. Moreover, the Seddiqi family presents as a successful example of the immense contribution of family businesses innovations towards the UAEs economy. This helped in establishing that the family businesses innovations drive the economy of UAE. References Bayt. (2017). Ahmed Seddiqi and Sons. Retrieved from: https://www.bayt.com/en/company/ahmed-seddiqi-and-sons-1470867/ Ezziane, Z., Mazzawi, E., Leleux, B. (2013). Entrepreneurship in Family Business: Emerging Storyline 2. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 4(3), 164. Khansaheb, A. (2008). Internationalization of Family Businesses in U.A.E. Retrieved from: https://bspace.buid.ac.ae/bitstream/1234/302/1/20050020.pdf May, P. (2015). Governance Code for Family Businesses. Retrieved from: https://www.kodex-fuer-familienunternehmen.de/images/Downloads/Kodex_englisch_2015.pdf PwC. (2016). Keeping it in the family: Family firms in the Middle East. Retrieved from: https://www.pwc.com/m1/en/publications/family-business-survey/middle-east-family-business-survey-2016.pdf PwC. (2017). Family Business. Retrieved from: https://www.pwc.com/m1/en/services/family-business.html Thomas, A.S. (2016). Mahmood Shaikhani, Managing Director, Shaikhani Group On Running (And Growing) The Family Business. Retrieved from: https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/286822 Zgheib, P.W. (2017). Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation in the Middle East. Pennsylvania: IGI Global.

The Cinematic Signifier

Introduction Christian Metz was a very important film theorist who made a significant contribution to the art of cinema by his theories on cinema studies. He defines the cinematic signifier through a thorough analysis of the imaginary signifier. This is a broad topic that he set out to analyze in order to explain the elements that affect and greatly influence the art of cinema. He used a psychoanalytical approach to cinema studies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cinematic Signifier specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He explains it as an imaginary factor, which is meant to replace or account for the fact that there is an absence of elements. These elements are time and space which are made transparent by the imagination. In this topic, the main emphasize will be on desire as a necessity, spectator identification which focuses on semantics and identification with both the camera and the characters. The cinematic signifier is an imaginary element that is absent, but despite its lack, its realization is still evident. Desire as a commodity Metz analyses the cinematic signifier from the viewpoint of the Freudian aspect on desires. These desires he believes when incorporated together make a combined set of aspects that are different from other art forms. This element must be well understood before the cinematic signifier can be dwelt on. Desire for the ego He views the cinema signifier as perceptual. This is because it stimulates more senses than any other art form. The sense of sight is satisfied by the fact that it is a visual medium. Everything we see from the shots, actors, actions and scenes is visual. This is the biggest sense that cinema aims at satisfying as this can go a long way in ensuring ones cinematic experience has been realized. The sense of hearing is because of the fact that it relies on the aspect of sound. Sound has gone through various stages of evolution in relation to ci nema. This is from the silent era to the other periods that saw the necessity of other aspects of sound. Sound plays a crucial role in influencing perception. The incorporation of sound is in the dialogue, sound effects and choice of music. This is an advantage that cinema has over other art forms. It can simulate the senses as opposed to the different art forms that stimulate one sense e.g. Music relies on the sense of hearing whereas reading relies on sight.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An important difference between cinema and other art forms such as theatre or the opera is the time and place factor. Despite the fact that these art forms are also perceptual that is stimulating the same senses i.e. Visual and auditory such as cinema they take place within real space and time. The actions and dialogue are all performed in front of the audience at the same time the performanc e is taking place. In cinema, this is different as the actual content is recorded at a different time and location and then shown to the audience through a screen. The audience does not get to see what is unfolding at first hand. Cinema in a way can also stimulate the other three senses of smell, taste and touch. Taste can be brought out in the way the food is made to look. The use of things like colour, presentation and even the actions and words of a spectator can bring out this sense. Smell can be brought out through the words, actions and facial expressions of the characters. The sense of touch can be communicated to the spectator through how the surface looks i.e., if it is smooth or rough or through the words, actions and emotions of the spectators. Cinema can be used to bring out all these senses despite the fact that it is not happening in real space and time. He also argues that the perceived is not the reality but acts as a kind of mirror to it and this aspect is unique to it in comparison to the different field of arts. He uses the example of a child held up to a mirror in which the child comprehends his or herself as being held by the mother who he describes as â€Å"its object per excellence.†This leads to the child to perceive his or her identity, which makes the child to form an ego. The difference, however, between cinema and this deduction is that cinema is not an actual perception of the person. The viewers’ personal experience is not the centre of attention. The viewer instead relates to something different that is governed by aspects that in a way are close to reality. It is a mirror to a different reality. The second desire achieved through cinema is the desire to desire. This refers to the passion to perceive. Most art forms utilize this factor of distance. E.g. In music it is received at a distance in relation to where it was recorded and where it is heard, even in theatre the performance is at a distance from the audience. This element of distance is explored by these art forms, but what stands out is the element of lack.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Cinematic Signifier specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since what is portrayed in the films is taken from real objects, which existed in a different time and space the spectator is still in a way removed from them. Despite the lack of the actual immediate experience, the spectator still gets to perceive what is contained in the final product hence still receiving the full experience. This desire is associated with voyeurism. The third desire is the desire for an object, which is satisfied by fetishism. This is in the fact that the audience knows what they are viewing is not real but they still want to watch it. That is why it is important to make the spectacle as real as possible through factors like the unfolding of events. They audience is aware that the characters, plot and s tory is fictional. They are aware that what they are seeing is not real but they knowingly filter out this factor so as perceive what is before them as real. (McCabe, 1974) He views the spectator as an artificial construct. This is because cinema can be used to bring out or make certain effects in the viewer such as causing some emotions in the spectator. The courses of renunciation as well as refutation are the procedures that are considered vital in the apprehension of the need. The film spectator exists in a state that is dreamlike. The spectator at one point believes that the story, plot and characters are real. This is still considered despite the fact that the spectator is fully aware that it is just a movie. This he attributes to disavowal. This he compares with fetishism and the castration anxiety of a child. Freud described disavowal as â€Å"a way of the subject refusing to acknowledge reality due to a traumatic event or other factors associated with it† (McCabe, 19 74, p.44). This explanation is on child development. When a child perceives that the mother does not have a penis, he gets a fear of being castrated. The child believes that at one time, the mother also had a penis but due to reasons that he cannot comprehend has lost it. This gives the boys a fear of castration. The boy will then develop a way of forgetting what he has seen to deal with the trauma, and this can lead to the development of a fetish to try to cover up the trauma.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This realization of a lack of in the child will make the child to develop two opinions. This factor is what Metz puts as the spectators ability to have two different experiences. In one the spectator knows that what he or she is seeing is fiction, while in the other case the spectator believes that what he or she sees on screen is real. Metz believes that for a good cinematic experience to be realized there must be back and forth shifting of consciousness and belief. Cinema as a technique of the imaginary Cinema has characteristics that are capitalistic and in line with the social industrialized epoch. The capitalistic aspect being that film relies on pictures and sounds this he describes as photography and the use of a phonograph. These he sums as the factors that are combined to lure ones ego and eventually end up satisfying ones desires. Cinema depends on key areas for its realization. These are the cinema industry, which is the recording of films to make profits, and the audienc es desire to watch movies. The second characteristic dwells on the necessity and aim of film, which is to satisfy the viewers’ desires. The cinema industry serves to finance a film as well as to research and modify various areas to satisfy the needs, taste and to bring something different to the spectators. This leads to the production of good films through the coordination and understanding between these sides hence making sure that the moviegoers continue to go to the cinema halls. The cinema writers, film historians, theorists and critics also contribute and influence a lot on cinema. Spectator identification with the camera The spectator identifies with the device that projects the image on the screen, which is the projector, the camera and lastly the screen. Metz stated, â€Å"The projector in context just duplicates the act of perception† (Metz, 1982, p.54). Vision has projective characteristics and characteristics that one acquires subconsciously, the spectator projects what he or she sees and then the data is translated back in a way that the spectator feels. Cinema just serves to duplicate this experience; the screen just records what is seen. Metz sums this up with the statement that the spectator is the projector receiving the information, the spectator is also the screen, and with the combination of these, the spectator is the camera, which is pointed and still recording. (Metz, 1982) Metz argues that the spectator identifies with the camera to a big extent. The spectator is in a way not in the screen but the fact that he or she is watching it and perceives it the cinematic signifier is realized. Spectators when watching a film become so focused in the film that they may not even be aware of themselves. This makes one identify with the camera completely. The cameras movements become the spectators’ movements. When the camera pans to the left, the spectator moves to the left and when it pans to the right so does the spectator. T he tracking shots also become the spectators’ movements and turns. Using different camera angles and movements, the spectator can be made to either be present or absent in the film. Spectator identification with the character Though the spectator knows what is unfolding before him or her is fictional, a feeling or form of connection is still made between the spectator and the character. The spectator connects with the character emotionally even when the character is not at the same place and time. The characters feelings become the spectators. The emotions shared become mutual between them. When the character is happy the viewer is also happy, when the character is sad the viewer also becomes sad and so on. This can only be realized through self-identification of the viewer first due to perception then after the spectator gets to identify with what is on the screen before identifying with the character (Lacan, 1989). Psychoanalysis, structure and the linguistic theory Metz ad opted a lot from the field of semiotics. He focused on how cinema can be used to signify or make the spectator to come up with meaning. The process of signifying depends on certain aspects which are mostly material signifiers these include images, words, titles, music in line with connotative and denotative meanings. He referred to the signifying practice as the way stories were told in movies. He evaluated cinematic equivalents that could be used to stand in for language and this made him to define codes that he believed worked in cinema. In order to understand text one has to break down these codes of signification or the meaning would be lost (Rushton, 2009). The different camera angles and shots also have various meanings, as a shot can serve to communicate meaning to the viewer, whether they know it or not. E.g. a close up can be used to highlight an important element that is being focused on in the film (Lapsey, 1989). Metz states that the analysis of cinema from a linguistic or semiotic angle is possible as it can be used to communicate. However, He maintained that in the language of cinema there is no intercommunication. There is uni-articulation and it is a replication of reality as opposed to the unmotivated arbitrary relationship between the signifier and the signified. The language of cinema comprises of both words and other smaller units. The smaller units are meant to bring meaning to the overall message or signification. Lapsey stated, â€Å"The narrative syntax is divided into eight parts ranging from the smallest segment to the largest part, which is the sequence† (Lapsey, 1989, p.37). Dreams and Fantasy This is focused upon in line with desire because although a spectator should always perceive the difference between a film, and dream, daydream and fantasy this aspect is important as through this desire the cinematic signifier is realized. Conclusion The imaginary signifier is what Christian Metz used in the understanding of the cinema tic signifier. He stresses on points such as identification, perception, lack and other factors in the understanding of the cinematic signifier. He describes and analyses the need for the element of desire as an important aspect in cinema. He focuses on the three types of desires. The first one is the desire for the ego, which is perceptual and is analyzed from the viewpoint of the characteristic of cinema of satisfying the sense of sight and hearing at the same time. The second desire he dwells on is the desire to desire. This is when the spectator overlooks the fact that there is the element of lack in the film and instead just enjoys it. The third is the desire for an object. The spectator experiences this through the fact that despite he or she knows that what is being viewed is not true in a way he or she still gets to enjoy it and perceive in some instances as if it is true. The role of the film industry as a whole makes a big contribution to cinema. The spectator gets to iden tify with both the camera as a medium and the characters on screen largely. Cinema relies on the use of signs; different things are put in a scene to mean different things. The use of semiotics has been used and is evident through the careful analysis of the titles, words etc. The absence of time and space is an important aspect in the study of the cinematic signifier. The cinematic signifier is a key element in the study of cinema. References Lacan, J 1989, Ecrits: a selection, Routledge, London. Lapsey, R 1989, Psychoanalysis in film theory: an introduction, Manchester University Press, Manchester. McCabe, C 1974, From realism and cinema, Longman , New York. Metz, C 1982, The imaginery signifier, Macmillan, London. Rushton, R 2009, Film, theory and philosophy, Acumen, Durham. This essay on The Cinematic Signifier was written and submitted by user Laylah Reilly to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer is a malignancy in the skin and is the most common of all cancers. There are three types of major skin cancers, which are basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Basal cell carcinoma, the most common type, develops in the basal, or bottom, layer of the epidermis. Squamous cell carcinoma develops in the upper layers of the epidermis. Melanoma develops in the melanocytes, or pigment cells, which are the basal layer of the skin. Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer. Skin cancers can grow in any part of the skin, however, most grow in areas that are exposed to the sun, especially the face, neck, hands, and scalps. Exposure to direct sunlight, especially in early childhood, is the major risk factor in getting skin cancer. People with pale skin are the greatest risk of skin cancer, particularly if their skin burns or freckles easily. A family history of skin cancer can also increase a person's risk. Another factor is a person's diet. A recent study found that patients on a diet of 20 percent fat had fewer precancerous growths and non-melanoma skin cancers than those who had a diet of about 38 percent fat. Early detection and treatment are the keys to survival, especially for melanoma. Any of the several skin changes can be a sign of a skin cancer and should be reported to a doctor. These changes include any change in size, shape, color, or texture of a mole or other dark pigmented area. A mole could become itchy or tender and if it's a new mole it may feel hard or even bleed which can also lead to skin cancer. Lastly, a skin ulcer that doesn't heal or a black spot under a toenail or fingernail that extends beneath the cuticle could also lead to a type of skin cancer. To confirm a diagnosis of skin cancer a doctor may perform a biopsy, by removing a small piece of the skin to examine under a microscope for the presence of cancerous cells.

The Influence of Islam on GCC Businesses and their Ethical Behavior Essay

The Influence of Islam on GCC Businesses and their Ethical Behavior - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that all Islamic countries within the GCC are expected to be ethical in ways alike to their conformist counterparts.   As mentioned in their associations, these ethics include additional working operations with skills and integrity, diligence, care, avoiding the conflict of interest just to mention but a few. As ethics and values link to the ideas of what is wrong and right in the organizational context, for Islamic countries it will also be impacted by the Islamic principles of morality and legality. As such, Islamic states of the GCC will have extra ethical dimensions coming from their adherence to the morals and laws of Shari’ah. Though major Islamic businesses have discussed problems linked to the application of laws and rules to ethical practice, the association between ethics and morality has at some limit been neglected. In GCC business transactions, when the legal and ethical values are presumed to exist, some might argue, as particular Shari’ah scholars do, that as long as the needs and stipulations of the agreement are satisfied, the business deal will be both ethical and legal. Nevertheless, this argument might not have credence as the result of business transactions can cause adverse effects on the moral and social welfare of the citizens. A particular way of relating ethics to morals is in examining the impacts of actions of companies on the society. As mentioned by Carroll and Schwartz: â€Å"a business will be ethical only if it encourages good in the society.† That same logic is used to determine the ethical activities and transactions of the GCC. Precisely, activities of the GCC business will be ethical when it enables welfare (maslahah) and morality of persons within the society. On the contrary, a particular business that poses adverse effects on either Islamic morals or welfare of the people would be seen as unethical.